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Effect of Gypsum Application on Yield Performance of Ground Nut (Arachis hypogea L.) Varieties in Kilinochchi District, Sri Lanka
(Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka., 2020) Thivakaran, N.; Pradheeban, L.; Nishanthan, K.
Groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.) is an important oil crop grown in Sri Lanka. Application of fertilizer is substantially contributing to the yield increment; however improper management of fertilizer and minerals is the specific drawback in the production of good quality and yield in groundnut. To overcome this problem, the application of balanced fertilizer and minerals play a crucial role in the cultivation of ground nut. An experiment was conducted at the Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kilinochchi to assess the effect of different rates of gypsum application on yield performance of groundnut varieties during the period of January to May 2019.Two factor factorial experiment was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Four different rates of gypsum application such as 0 kg/ha (T1 - control), 75 kg/ha (T2), l25 kg/ha (T3) and 175 kg/ha (T4) were used as the first factor and five groundnut varieties, namely Tissa (V1), Lanka Jumbo (V2), Tikiri (V3), Indi (V4), and ANK G1 (V5) were used as the second factor. All the agronomic practices were done according to the recommendations of the Department of Agriculture. The yield parameters recorded and shelling percentage was calculated. Data were analyzed by using SAS 9.1 package to perform ANOVA. Best treatment was identified through the means separation by using Duncan's Multiple Range Test at p = 0.05. The yield parameters of fresh and dry weight of pods plant, hundred pods and seeds weight, number of mature and immature pods and total yield were higher in gypsum applied treatments rather than control and the highest in T4 (175 kg/ha gypsum) treatment. All the yield parameters were significantly different in Lanka Jumbo and ANK G1 from other varieties. However, the number of mature pods and shelling percentage were similar among the varieties. The highest shelling percentage was recorded in Lanka Jumbo under 175 kg/ha gypsum application (T4). The highest yield parameters were recorded in Lanka Jumbo variety, whereas, the lowest in ANK G1. There was no interaction effect among gypsum application and varieties in the yield parameters. From this study, it can be concluded that application of 175 kg/ha gypsum (T4) to Lanka Jumbo variety (V2 ) can be selected as suitable treatment combination to obtain the substantial yield from groundnut in Kilinochchi District in Yala season.
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Impact of Different Border Crops on Growth and Yield Performance of Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var botrytis L.) Varieties
(Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jaffna, Sri Lanka., 2020) Jayamini, A. G. I.; Pradheeban, L.; Nishanthan, K.
Cauliflower produces best curd in cool and moist climate and affected mainly by some pests. Natural pest control provides a safe and more sustainable approach for managing pest populations. The use of border crop was an eco-friendly method for the management of pests. Research was conducted to assess the impact of different border crops on growth and yield performance of cauliflower varieties at Faculty of Agriculture, Kilinochchi during December 2018 to April 2019. Experiment was carried out in a split plot design with three replicates. Four different borders such as sunflower (T1), lemongrass (T2), chrysanthemum (T3) and no border (T4) were selected as main plot treatments and two different cauliflower varieties such as Mareet (V1) and White Shot (V2) were used as sub-plot treatments. The cauliflower varieties were planted at the spacing of 60 cm × 45 cm. All the agronomic practices were done according to the recommendations of the Department of Agriculture except plant protection methods. The growth, plant protection measures and yield parameters were recorded. ANOVA and Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT)were performed to find out the significant differences among the treatments. Type of the border and the variety were not significant for plant height and number of leaves per plant. The curd weight, curd circumference, curd diameter, total yield and marketable yield was significantly different among the border crops and the highest was observed in the lemongrass border (T2). There was no interaction effect between 2 type of border crops and varieties. The varieties of cauliflower showed the nonsignificant effect on the yield parameters and the highest was recorded in White Shot variety. Marketable yield and infested yield were significantly differed among the different border crop treatments and the highest marketable yield was obtained from lemongrass border (T2) in both varieties. The plant protection parameters such as number of damaged leaves per plant and number of damaged curds were significantly differed among the border crops and the highest was recorded in control (T4) treatment in Mareet variety. It can be concluded that lemongrass border and White Shot variety can be recommended as the best treatment combination for cauliflower cultivation in Kilinochchi district of Sri Lanka during Maha season.
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Influences of storage conditions on germination of Bittergourd (Mormodicacharantia) seeds
(Jaffna Science Association Annual Session – 2008, 2008) Atputhachandran, P.; Sivachandiran, S.
Bitter gourd is an important vegetable crop for its quality and medicinal value. Poor germination after storage is reported by seed producers as well as farmers as the major hindrance in increasing production. An experiment was carried out at the Faculty of Agriculture, University of Jaffna to evaluate the viability of bitter gourd seeds under different storage conditions with and without hot water treatments. Pods harvested within a week interval from selected farms were used for the study. Seeds were air dried under shade and stored at four different storage conditions, paper bag, cloth bag, polythene bag and refrigeration. Germination test was carried out at two weeks intervals with and without hot water treatment. Results indicated that paper bags are more suited to store bitter gourd seeds for short period. Germination percentage of all seeds decreased after four weeks of storage irrespective of storage condition. However polythene bags will retain the viability and suited to store seeds up to ten weeks under ambient condition. Warm water treatment was effective to enhance germination of bitter gourd seeds. Refrigeration is not much suited to store bitter gourd seeds. If they stored under refrigeration they must be treated with warm water prior to plant them to the field
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Impact of Different Border Crops on Growth and Yield Performance of Cabbage (Brassica oleracea. L) Varieties
(Faculty of Agriculture, Eastern University, Sri Lanka, Vantharumoolai, Chenkalady, 2020) Jayamini, A. G. I.; Pradheeban, L.; Nishanthan, K.
A research was conducted to assess the impact of different border crops on growth and yield performances of cabbage varieties at Faculty of Agriculture, Kilinochchi during December 2018 to April 2019. Experiment was carried out in split plot design with four different borders such as sunflower (T1), Lemongrass (T2), Chrysanthemum (T3) and No border (T4) were selected as main plot treatments and two different cabbage varieties such as Green hot (V1) and KY cross (V2) were used as sub plot treatments. The cabbage varieties were planted at the spacing of 50 cm × 40 cm. All the agronomic practices were done according to the recommendations of the Department of Agriculture except plant protection methods. The growth, plant protection measures and yield parameters were recorded. ANOVA and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) were performed to find out the significant differences among the treatment combinations. Growth parameters such as plant height, number of leaves showed non-significant effect among different border treatments and varieties. The yield parameters such as head weight, circumference, diameter and total yield were significantly different among the border crops. Highest yields were recorded in varieties Green hot (37.4 ton/ha) and KY cross (59 ton/ha) in chrysanthemum border (T3) and in Lemongrass border (T2) respectively. Marketable yield was significantly differed between different border crops and the highest was recorded in the lemongrass border (T2) in both varieties (Green hot – 31.4 ton/ha and KY cross – 55.3 ton/ha). The plant protection parameters viz. number of damaged leaves per plant and number of damaged heads were significantly differed among the border crops and the highest measurement were recorded in control (T4) treatment. There were no significant differences between varieties of cabbage on the plant protection parameters within same border and the highest was recorded in var. Green hot due to susceptibility to pest damage. It can be concluded that lemongrass border with KY cross variety can be recommended as best treatment combination for growing cabbage in Kilinochchi district during Maha season.
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Influence of Seed Sources on Yield Performance of Selected Varieties of Rice Cultivated in Karachchi Division, Kilinochchi
(Faculty of Agriculture, Eastern University, Sri Lanka, Vantharumoolai, Chenkalady, 2020) Pathmanathan, S.; Pradheeban, L.; Nishanthan, K.
The utilization of quality seed paddy is an important aspect to increase the yield of rice with providing optimum management. An experiment was conducted at the Integrated Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Killinochchi during November 2018 to March 2019 to assess the use of quality seed paddy on yield performances of selected rice varieties. Two factor factorial experiment was conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Two seed sources (ADA and Farmer) and five varieties (Bg 300, Bg 358, Bg 360, At 308 and At 362) were used as treatments. All other management practices were performed based on the farmer practices adopted in Kilinochchi District. The seed verification, leaf area index and yield parameters (panicle numbers per plant, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, total yield) were recorded and data were analyzed in ANOVA using SAS 9.1 package. The means were compared by using Duncan Multiple Range test. All the varieties of the farmer’s seed source contained higher levels of other distinguishable variety (ODV), weed seeds and insect damaged seeds than the ADA’s seed source and the standards of the seed certification service. The ODV in ADA’s seed was less than farmer’s seed in harvested paddy of all varieties. There is no interaction effect between seed source and the varieties. There were significant different in all parameters within the same variety of difference seed sources and showed the significant difference between the varieties except panicle numbers per plant. The ADA’s seed source, At 362 variety was performed better compared to other varieties and gave the highest yield of 9.02 mt/ha. The cost of production of ADA’s seed source is less than Farmer’s seed source. It can be concluded that the use of ADA’s seed paddy can be recommended as the best seed paddy to increase the yield by 10 to 25 % and the most suitable rice variety was At 362 for cultivation in Kilinochchi District.